UCC Book of Worship A Guide to Practice

UCC E-book of Worship units the stage for a journey into the guts of United Church of Christ liturgical practices. It is a complete information, wealthy in historical past and custom, but adaptable to up to date wants. From the historic context to trendy interpretations, this e-book provides a novel perception into the UCC’s strategy to worship.

This exploration delves into the e-book’s construction, analyzing the varied sections, liturgical practices, and theological themes. It additionally highlights the e-book’s dedication to social justice, demonstrating how these themes intertwine with the very cloth of UCC worship. The UCC E-book of Worship is greater than only a e-book; it is a reflection of a group’s religion and its ongoing evolution.

Introduction to the UCC E-book of Worship

The UCC E-book of Worship serves as a significant useful resource for United Church of Christ congregations, guiding their worship providers and offering a framework for communal expression of religion. It is a dwelling doc, reflecting the evolving wants and traditions of the church whereas upholding its core values. This information provides a complete take a look at its construction, goal, and historical past.The E-book of Worship is greater than only a assortment of prayers and hymns; it is a device for fostering significant and related worship experiences.

It encourages congregations to adapt and personalize their providers whereas adhering to established liturgical ideas. This enables for a dynamic and ever-evolving strategy to worship.

Abstract of the E-book of Worship

The UCC E-book of Worship is a complete information for worship providers throughout the United Church of Christ. It is designed to supply a framework for numerous and significant worship experiences. It encompasses a big selection of liturgical parts, making certain that providers are adaptable to completely different contexts and preferences. The e-book’s construction permits congregations to personalize providers whereas remaining rooted in shared traditions.

Historic Context and Growth

The UCC E-book of Worship developed from earlier liturgical assets throughout the church. It displays the historic growth of the UCC, from its origins to its present-day practices. The e-book displays the church’s dedication to inclusivity and variety, in addition to its ongoing engagement with up to date points. Vital contributions from numerous denominational leaders and theologians formed the e-book’s evolution.

Key Sections and Their Capabilities

This part Artikels the first sections of the e-book and their respective functions, providing a structured overview for understanding the doc’s parts. Every part performs a vital position in supporting the general worship expertise.

Part Objective
Liturgical Sources Supplies a group of prayers, readings, and responsive prayers, providing a wide range of choices for various liturgical events.
Hymns and Music Incorporates a choice of hymns and musical items, categorized by theme or event, to reinforce the worship expertise via track.
Ordination and Commissioning Supplies pointers for ordination providers and commissioning ceremonies, providing a structured strategy to recognizing and celebrating ministry throughout the church.
Celebrations of Life Affords steering for funerals, memorial providers, and different ceremonies commemorating vital life occasions, offering consolation and assist throughout difficult instances.
Particular Events Supplies assets for providers associated to particular events corresponding to Christmas, Easter, or different celebrations, permitting congregations to mark these occasions in a significant method.

Liturgical Practices and Traditions

Ucc book of worship

The United Church of Christ (UCC) E-book of Worship gives a framework for significant and interesting worship experiences. It displays the church’s dedication to inclusivity and flexibility, whereas sustaining core theological ideas. This part explores the liturgical practices and traditions throughout the UCC, evaluating them with different denominations and highlighting their theological underpinnings.The UCC, with its numerous membership, embraces a variety of liturgical types.

Whereas some providers are extremely structured, others are extra casual and adaptable. This flexibility permits for expressions of religion that resonate with completely different congregations and people. This dynamic strategy is a defining attribute of the UCC.

Widespread Liturgical Practices

The UCC’s liturgical practices typically emphasize congregational participation. A typical thread is a give attention to the Phrase of God, manifested via scripture readings, prayers, and hymns. Sermons typically discover the biblical texts in a up to date and related method.

  • Scripture Readings: The Bible types the bedrock of UCC providers. Alternatives are sometimes chosen to replicate the theme of the service and to attach with the congregation’s life. Readings are ceaselessly taken from each the Previous and New Testaments, with a wide range of views emphasised.
  • Prayers: Prayers are an integral a part of UCC worship, encompassing each formal and spontaneous expressions. Formal prayers, typically led by a chosen individual, usually handle gratitude, supplication, and reflection. Spontaneous prayers are inspired and welcome from the congregation. The language and tone are usually easy and direct, avoiding overly advanced theological language. Prayers typically acknowledge the struggles and joys of the group.

  • Hymns and Music: Music performs a significant position in UCC providers. Hymns are chosen to assist the themes of the service and to evoke a way of religious unity. The UCC typically features a vary of musical types, from conventional hymns to up to date songs, reflecting the church’s dedication to range and inclusivity.

Comparability with Different Denominations

UCC liturgical practices typically differ from these of extra conventional denominations. For instance, the emphasis on congregational participation and the versatile nature of the service construction distinguish UCC worship from some extra formal traditions. In distinction to denominations with extremely prescribed rituals, the UCC provides a extra adaptable framework for expressing religion.

  • Formal vs. Casual: Some denominations adhere to strict liturgical orders, whereas the UCC emphasizes flexibility and adaptation. This allows a higher vary of expression within the providers. Different denominations might emphasize extra formal parts, corresponding to prescribed prayers or particular vestments, which are sometimes much less prevalent in UCC providers.
  • Emphasis on Scripture: The UCC emphasizes the significance of Scripture, however the interpretations of the biblical texts might fluctuate from these of different denominations. This emphasis on particular person interpretation and utility typically permits for higher engagement and reflection on the scripture readings.
  • Emphasis on the Spirit: The UCC’s emphasis on the Holy Spirit is clear within the emphasis on spontaneity and congregational participation, and the understanding of the Spirit’s position in guiding and galvanizing worship.

Theological Underpinnings

The UCC’s liturgical practices stem from its theological foundations. The church emphasizes the significance of the Bible, the position of the Holy Spirit, and the significance of congregational participation in worship. A deep respect for the person and the group underpins lots of the practices.

  • Emphasis on Inclusivity: The UCC’s theological commitments to inclusivity and social justice affect its liturgical practices. This dedication is mirrored within the inclusive language and the emphasis on congregational participation. It seeks to create an area the place everybody feels welcome and valued.
  • Holistic Strategy: The UCC’s theology typically seeks to combine religion into all elements of life. This holistic strategy is mirrored within the themes and considerations addressed within the providers, typically incorporating up to date social points.
  • Spirituality and Group: The UCC acknowledges the significance of fostering religious progress and group. That is typically expressed via the shared experiences of worship, fostering a way of belonging.

Examples of Prayers, Readings, and Hymns

A typical prayer in UCC providers would possibly categorical gratitude for the blessings of life. A scripture studying may very well be taken from the Beatitudes, highlighting themes of compassion and justice. A hymn would possibly replicate on the facility of religion and hope. Examples of ceaselessly used readings and hymns are quite a few, relying on the theme of the service and the wants of the congregation.

Varieties of Companies and Liturgical Components

Sort of Service Liturgical Components
Sunday Morning Worship Scripture readings, prayers, sermon, hymns, providing, bulletins
Night Service Scripture readings, prayers, sermon, hymns, time for reflection and dialogue
Particular Events (e.g., weddings, funerals) Particular readings, prayers, music, rituals, expressions of hope or consolation

Theological Themes and Ideas: Ucc E-book Of Worship

The United Church of Christ’s (UCC) E-book of Worship displays a wealthy tapestry of theological views, woven from its historical past as a denomination rooted within the Protestant Reformation and formed by subsequent social and mental actions. This e-book is not only a assortment of rituals; it is a dwelling doc that embodies the UCC’s evolving understanding of God, humanity, and the world.

It is a testomony to the continuing dialog about religion in motion.This doc, then, is not merely a group of practices; it is a reflection of the UCC’s ongoing dedication to a vibrant and evolving religion. It rigorously balances custom with innovation, drawing on centuries of knowledge whereas wanting in direction of a extra simply and equitable future. That is obvious in its emphasis on social justice and its use of inclusive language.

Key Theological Themes

The UCC E-book of Worship highlights a number of key theological themes, echoing the denomination’s historic dedication to a complete understanding of religion. These themes intertwine, forming a cohesive narrative of God’s presence on this planet. These themes aren’t introduced in isolation however as a substitute type a coherent theological framework that shapes the liturgical practices.

  • The Sovereignty of God and the Dignity of Humanity: The E-book of Worship emphasizes God’s energetic position in creation and historical past, acknowledging God’s love and justice. Concurrently, it affirms the inherent value and dignity of all people, no matter background or perception. This duality underscores the significance of each religion and social motion. The E-book of Worship promotes a imaginative and prescient of a world the place God’s love is obvious in all elements of human life.

  • The Significance of Scripture and Custom: The E-book of Worship values the Bible as a supply of inspiration and steering. Nevertheless, it acknowledges the necessity for ongoing interpretation and utility of scripture in mild of latest understanding. The E-book of Worship acknowledges the significance of custom, whereas additionally encouraging important reflection and adaptation.
  • The Nature of God: The UCC E-book of Worship presents a God who’s each transcendent and immanent. This understanding of God is significant to the e-book’s give attention to God’s energetic participation on this planet. The e-book emphasizes a God of affection, justice, and compassion, and encourages worship that seeks to specific this understanding.

Examples in Language and Construction

The theological themes are evident within the e-book’s language and construction. For instance, the e-book typically employs inclusive language, reflecting the UCC’s dedication to inclusivity and fairness. The construction of providers usually emphasizes communal participation, reinforcing the idea within the shared expertise of religion.

Theological Theme Instance from the E-book of Worship
God’s Sovereignty Prayers typically acknowledge God’s presence and energy on this planet, highlighting the significance of God’s position in creation and historical past.
Dignity of Humanity The e-book typically consists of alternatives for private reflection and shared experiences, recognizing the inherent value of every individual.
Scripture and Custom The e-book makes use of scripture readings, hymns, and prayers that draw on each historic traditions and up to date voices.

Historic Evolution within the UCC

The theological themes within the UCC E-book of Worship replicate the denomination’s historic growth. The UCC emerged from a confluence of assorted Protestant traditions, bringing with it numerous views on religion and observe. The evolution of those themes displays the continuing dialogue and growth throughout the UCC, significantly in response to evolving social and moral considerations.

Social Justice and Moral Considerations

The E-book of Worship is deeply dedicated to social justice and moral considerations. It gives steering for addressing points like poverty, inequality, and injustice. The E-book of Worship promotes a imaginative and prescient of a world the place God’s love and justice are manifest within the lives of all individuals. It explicitly encourages members to have interaction in social justice work.

Examples embrace prayers for peace, and the inclusion of social justice themes in liturgical providers.

Construction and Format of Companies

Ucc book of worship

The United Church of Christ (UCC) E-book of Worship gives a framework for significant and interesting worship experiences, whereas emphasizing flexibility and flexibility. This framework is designed to encourage native congregations to tailor their providers to their distinctive wants and contexts. The center of worship is the encounter with the divine, and the construction is a device to facilitate that encounter, not a inflexible constraint.The UCC E-book of Worship acknowledges that providers aren’t static occasions.

They’re dynamic expressions of religion, responding to the wants and aspirations of the group. This adaptability is vital to the enduring relevance of the providers. The e-book gives a complete Artikel, but additionally underscores the significance of pastoral judgment and group enter in shaping the service expertise.

Typical Service Construction

The everyday UCC service is designed to be a journey of religion, shifting from preparation to reflection to motion. It consists of parts for private connection, communal celebration, and engagement with the world. A typical service blends the acquainted with the sudden, fostering a way of each custom and innovation.

Order of Service Breakdown

The order of service, although versatile, typically follows a recognizable sample. This construction gives a framework for the service, however permits for the distinctive expressions of religion and group to take heart stage.

Ingredient Description Objective
Opening Invocation, welcoming, and a name to worship. This would possibly embrace a hymn, a scripture studying, or a spoken phrase. Set the tone for the service, welcoming the congregation, and alluring them into an area of worship.
Scripture Studying(s) Chosen readings from the Bible or different sacred texts. Present the theological and religious basis for the service.
Sermon A message primarily based on the scripture readings, typically with a up to date utility. Provide a theological interpretation and related utility of the scriptures for the congregation.
Musical Alternatives Hymns, anthems, or different musical expressions. Improve the worship expertise, present moments of communal track and reflection.
Providing A time for providing monetary assist to the church and group tasks. Acknowledge the fabric assist of the congregation and its position in supporting ministry.
Benediction A closing prayer or blessing. Conclude the service with a way of peace and beauty, sending the congregation into the world with a way of religious path.
Time for Bulletins and Group Constructing Bulletins, notices, and alternatives for fellowship. Maintain the congregation knowledgeable about upcoming occasions, ministries, and initiatives.

Flexibility and Adaptability

The UCC E-book of Worship emphasizes the significance of adaptability. The construction is just not a inflexible components, however fairly a information. Congregations can modify the order and content material of the service to suit their particular wants, preferences, and context. For instance, a service specializing in social justice would possibly place a higher emphasis on the providing or group motion.

A service targeted on therapeutic and reconciliation would possibly prioritize prayer and reflection. The pliability of the construction permits for innovation and creativity whereas sustaining the core parts of worship.

Modern Purposes and Interpretations

The UCC E-book of Worship, a dwelling doc, continues to resonate with up to date congregations. Its adaptable framework permits for numerous interpretations and purposes, reflecting the evolving wants and views of its customers. This adaptability is not merely about change for the sake of change; it is a testomony to the enduring values at its core, reinterpreted for the current day.Modern congregations typically discover themselves grappling with the complexities of contemporary life.

The E-book of Worship, with its emphasis on shared expertise and considerate reflection, provides a construction for navigating these challenges and discovering significant religious expression. It gives a springboard for inventive exploration and a framework for sustaining custom whereas embracing innovation.

Adapting the Construction for Numerous Settings

The construction of worship providers, as Artikeld within the E-book of Worship, is deliberately versatile. Congregations are inspired to adapt parts of the service to swimsuit their distinctive wants and contexts. This enables for higher engagement and relevance, making certain that the worship expertise feels significant and private to every participant.

  • Versatile Order of Service: Many congregations have discovered that shifting the order of liturgical parts, and even omitting sure parts completely, can improve the expertise for his or her particular group. As an illustration, some congregations would possibly prioritize a extra communal meal or shared reflection, whereas others would possibly emphasize a stronger musical ingredient. The adaptable nature of the E-book of Worship permits for this personalised strategy.

  • Inclusive Language and Imagery: Modern congregations typically emphasize inclusive language and imagery of their worship providers. The E-book of Worship could be a useful device for incorporating inclusive language and imagery into providers. For instance, the language used to handle God or the descriptions of God’s attributes is perhaps revisited to make sure that the language is inclusive and respectful of all individuals.

  • Integration of Modern Music and Artwork: Music and artwork are highly effective instruments for expressing religion and fostering connection. The E-book of Worship acknowledges the significance of those parts by suggesting methods to combine up to date music and artwork into worship providers. This would possibly embrace incorporating related musical genres or visible artwork types that resonate with the congregation. Congregations can discover up to date musical types to reinforce worship experiences.

Improvements in Worship Practices

The E-book of Worship’s framework can encourage and facilitate modern approaches to worship. These approaches reveal how the core values of the e-book might be expressed in up to date settings.

  • Know-how Integration: Know-how is an more and more essential device for connecting with individuals. The E-book of Worship can function a information for integrating know-how into worship providers in a method that enhances the expertise, not replaces it. This could embrace incorporating video displays, on-line discussions, or digital assets.
  • Group-Centered Companies: Many up to date congregations are specializing in constructing robust group bonds. The E-book of Worship can assist this by together with actions and discussions that foster fellowship and encourage mutual assist.
  • Environmental Consciousness: The significance of environmental stewardship is more and more acknowledged. The E-book of Worship can present assets for incorporating environmental themes into worship providers, demonstrating a dedication to take care of the earth.

Examples of Modern Diversifications

The UCC E-book of Worship has impressed numerous inventive purposes in up to date contexts. These examples illustrate how the e-book’s construction and ideas might be tailored to swimsuit a wide range of conditions.

  • A rural congregation would possibly use the E-book of Worship’s framework to include parts of nature into their service, maybe via a guided meditation or a second of quiet reflection in a close-by park. This blends the religious with the pure world.
  • An city congregation would possibly incorporate group outreach into their worship expertise, maybe by dedicating a portion of the service to sharing tales of these in want or organizing a volunteer challenge. This combines worship with sensible motion.
  • A congregation serving a various group would possibly adapt the service to incorporate parts from numerous cultures, utilizing music, artwork, or storytelling to create a really multicultural and inclusive expertise. This fosters a way of unity and understanding.

The UCC E-book of Worship and Social Justice

The United Church of Christ (UCC) E-book of Worship is not only a assortment of prayers and hymns; it is a dwelling doc, a mirrored image of the church’s ongoing journey towards justice and peace. It is a device for each particular person and communal reflection, providing a framework for expressing religion in motion. This connection between religion and motion is woven all through the e-book, offering a robust useful resource for these looking for to grasp and interact with social justice points.The E-book of Worship acknowledges that our religion compels us to handle systemic injustice.

It acknowledges the interconnectedness of religious progress and social transformation, understanding that true worship features a dedication to righting wrongs and constructing a extra simply world. The e-book’s wealthy liturgical practices, the cautious choice of scripture readings, and the inclusion of social justice themes present a framework for significant engagement.

Connection Between the E-book and Social Justice Points

The UCC E-book of Worship actively fosters a hyperlink between religion and motion, empowering members to confront social justice points. This connection is mirrored in its inclusive language, its give attention to marginalized communities, and its encouragement of energetic participation on this planet. The e-book emphasizes the necessity for steady self-reflection and dedication to moral motion, immediately aligning with social justice ideas.

Selling Social Justice and Moral Motion

The E-book of Worship doesn’t merely acknowledge social justice points; it equips congregations with the instruments to handle them. It provides numerous liturgical choices that encourage reflection on societal inequities and encourage actions for change. The e-book’s emphasis on inclusivity, empathy, and the inherent value of each particular person types a strong basis for moral conduct. Prayers, hymns, and responsive readings are crafted to stimulate considerate dialogue and encourage motion within the face of injustice.

This proactive strategy permits the church to have interaction constructively with the world round it.

Incorporation of Social Justice Considerations into Liturgical Practices

Social justice considerations are seamlessly built-in into the e-book’s liturgical practices. From prayers for peace and justice to reflections on particular social points, the e-book gives a wealthy tapestry of the way to attach religion and motion. The inclusion of prayers for marginalized communities, and for these dealing with systemic oppression, underscores the church’s dedication to advocacy. The construction of the providers, with their emphasis on group and shared accountability, additional reinforces the social justice message.

Particular liturgical parts might be tailored to handle present occasions, making certain the e-book stays a related device for up to date social justice actions.

Examples of Use in Social Justice Actions

The UCC E-book of Worship has been used extensively in numerous social justice actions. As an illustration, throughout protests in opposition to racial inequality, the e-book’s prayers for justice and its requires reconciliation have been central to the religious assist and mobilization of activists. Congregations have used the e-book’s assets to arrange group occasions, elevate consciousness about human rights points, and advocate for coverage adjustments.

Desk Connecting Social Justice Points with E-book Sections

Social Justice Challenge Related Passages/Sections within the E-book
Racial Justice Prayers for therapeutic and reconciliation, scripture readings on liberation, hymns addressing injustice.
Financial Justice Prayers for the poor and marginalized, reflections on financial inequality, scripture readings on sharing and caring.
Environmental Justice Prayers for creation, reflections on ecological stewardship, scripture readings on the interconnectedness of humanity and nature.
LGBTQ+ Rights Prayers for inclusivity, reflections on human dignity, scripture readings on love and acceptance.

Comparability with Different Worship Books

The journey of religion, like a winding path, typically intersects with different traditions. Evaluating the UCC E-book of Worship with different denominations’ liturgical assets gives a beneficial perspective, revealing each widespread floor and distinctive expressions of religion. Understanding these similarities and variations enriches our appreciation for the varied tapestry of worship throughout the Christian group.

Similarities in Strategy

Many worship books, no matter denomination, share basic objectives. A core similarity lies of their dedication to facilitating significant encounters with the divine. They provide structured frameworks for prayer, scripture readings, and communal celebration, recognizing the significance of formality and symbolism in religious progress. In addition they ceaselessly embrace assets for numerous liturgical seasons and particular events, acknowledging the cyclical nature of religion and the significance of marking vital moments.

Finally, they search to supply a wealthy and adaptable toolkit for expressing and experiencing religion.

Variations in Content material and Emphasis

Whereas a shared aim of fostering worship exists, denominations typically strategy it with distinctive emphases. The UCC E-book of Worship, for instance, typically locations a stronger emphasis on social justice and inclusivity. Its language ceaselessly displays a want for a welcoming and equitable area for all. Different traditions might prioritize a extra formal, conventional construction, emphasizing reverence and historic types of worship.

There can be variations within the choice and presentation of scripture, reflecting completely different theological views and priorities. Variations within the inclusion of musical types, poetic types, and creative expressions are additionally evident.

Distinctive Traits of the UCC E-book of Worship

The UCC E-book of Worship stands aside via its intentional incorporation of social justice considerations. That is evident within the inclusion of particular prayers and reflections addressing up to date points. Moreover, the e-book demonstrates a dedication to inclusivity, showcasing numerous voices and views in its prayers, hymns, and scripture choices. This dedication to social justice and inclusivity units it aside within the panorama of worship assets.

It displays a up to date and evolving understanding of religion, emphasizing a extra inclusive and responsive strategy to worship.

Abstract Desk

Characteristic UCC E-book of Worship Different Denominations (e.g., Evangelical, Catholic)
Emphasis Social Justice, Inclusivity, Modern Relevance Conventional Kinds, Reverence, Historic Context
Scripture Choice Emphasis on inclusive voices, broad choice of scriptures Typically extra conventional choices, probably targeted on particular theological views
Liturgical Construction Versatile, adaptable to numerous contexts and desires Could also be extra rigidly structured, adhering to particular traditions
Musical Kinds Open to a wider vary of latest musical types Typically extra targeted on conventional hymns and choral music
Social Justice Explicitly addresses social justice points Could contact upon these points however with much less direct incorporation into the liturgy

Illustrative Examples of Companies

Navigating the varied tapestry of worship throughout the UCC E-book of Worship is a rewarding journey. These examples provide a glimpse into the wealthy and adaptable nature of liturgical practices, showcasing the methods by which the e-book guides congregations towards significant and related experiences. This exploration is designed to light up the sensible utility of the E-book of Worship in numerous contexts.Understanding the E-book of Worship’s versatile construction is vital to its effectiveness.

It gives a framework for providers, but permits for appreciable creativity and personalization. This adaptability is significant in making certain that worship stays vibrant and related for all members of the group.

Sunday Service

A typical Sunday service, in response to the UCC E-book of Worship, typically begins with a interval of welcome and gathering, encouraging a way of group and anticipation. The service then progresses to readings from scripture, typically accompanied by reflections or prayers that join the readings to up to date life. Hymns are strategically chosen to enhance the themes explored, offering alternatives for communal singing and expression of religion.

The sermon, a vital ingredient, delves into the scriptures’ message, providing insights and purposes. A time for sharing and reflection is perhaps included, the place people can replicate on their understanding of the service’s themes. The service concludes with a time for prayer, providing area for particular person and communal petitions.

Funeral Service

A funeral service within the UCC custom honors the lifetime of the departed whereas providing solace and hope to these grieving. The service ceaselessly begins with a time for gathering and sharing recollections of the deceased, permitting family members to specific their emotions and reminisce. Readings from scripture, poetry, or private writings could also be included to emphasise the importance of life and the enduring nature of affection.

Hymns typically evoke a way of peace and remembrance. A eulogy, a heartfelt tribute, typically shares the deceased’s life story and influence on others. Prayers for consolation and energy for the bereaved are a significant element. The service usually concludes with a time for reflection and communion, providing closure and a way of group.

Marriage ceremony Service

A marriage service throughout the UCC framework is a celebration of affection and dedication. The service often begins with a time of welcoming and introducing the couple, setting the stage for the celebration. Readings from scripture or poetry ceaselessly spotlight the significance of affection, dedication, and companionship. The vows exchanged by the couple are a key a part of the service, expressing their dedication to 1 one other and to the life they may construct collectively.

Prayers typically invoke blessings upon the couple and their future. Hymns ceaselessly replicate themes of affection, hope, and religion. The service concludes with a time for fellowship, the place the couple and their visitors can share within the celebration and partake of the blessings of their union.

Pattern Sunday Service

Gathering: Welcome and opening prayer, adopted by temporary bulletins and musical choices.

Scripture Studying: A variety from the Psalms or Gospels, learn aloud by a member of the congregation.

Hymn: “Superb Grace”.

Sermon: A mirrored image on the scripture studying, delivered by the pastor.

Sharing Time: A time for temporary reflections or testimonies from the congregation.

Prayer: A time for private and communal prayer.

Benediction: Closing prayer and dismissal.

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